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  3. Mosquito-independent milk-associated transmission of zoonotic Wesselsbron virus in sheep.
 

Mosquito-independent milk-associated transmission of zoonotic Wesselsbron virus in sheep.

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BORIS DOI
10.48620/78757
Date of Publication
December 2024
Publication Type
Article
Division/Institute

Graduate School for C...

Multidisciplinary Cen...

Department of Infecti...

Institute of Veterina...

Institute of Veterina...

Institute of Virology...

Institute of Animal P...

Author
Zimoch, Marta
Institute of Virology and Immunology
Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences (GCB)
Grau-Roma, Llorenç
Institute of Animal Pathology, Teaching Diagnostics
Institute of Animal Pathology
Liniger, Matthias
Donzé, Noelle
Godel, Aurélie
Escribano, Damián
Trüeb, Bettina Salome
Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology (IVB)
Pramateftaki, Paraskevi
Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction I
Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology (IVB)
Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases (MCID)
Torres Puig, Sergi
Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction I
Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology (IVB)
Cerón, José Joaqín
Thiel, Volker
Institute of Virology and Immunology
Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP)
Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP)
Jores, Jörgorcid-logo
Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Host-Pathogen Interaction I
Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology (IVB)
Summerfield, Arturorcid-logo
Institute of Virology and Immunology
Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP)
Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases (MCID)
Ruggli, Nicolas
Institute of Virology and Immunology
Benarafa, Charaforcid-logo
Institute of Virology and Immunology
Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases (MCID)
García-Nicolás, Obdulio
Institute of Virology and Immunology
Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases (MCID)
Subject(s)

600 - Technology::610...

500 - Science::590 - ...

600 - Technology::630...

Series
PLoS Pathogens
ISSN or ISBN (if monograph)
1553-7374
1553-7366
Publisher
Public Library of Science
Language
English
Publisher DOI
10.1371/journal.ppat.1012751
PubMed ID
39652585
Description
Wesselsbron virus (WSLV) is a zoonotic, mosquito-borne orthoflavivirus endemic to sub-Saharan Africa, causing abortions and stillbirths in small ruminants. The life cycle of WSLV involves Aedes mosquitoes and various wildlife and domestic animals. Seminal studies in the 1950s have shown the zoonotic potential of WSLV, notably in accidental infections of laboratory workers exposed to infected material. More recent epidemiological studies suggest the emergence of clade I WSLV strains in peri-domestic and rural areas of western and eastern Africa. The pathobiology of recent clade I WSLV strains is unknown and no virus isolate is available. To address these gaps, we generated a recombinant clade I WSLV SA999 infectious clone (rSA999) by reverse genetics. Subsequently, lactating ewes were inoculated intravenously with the WSLV rSA999 strain or the clade II SAH177 strain in insect-free biocontainment stables. Inoculated ewes developed fever, viremia, and showed high levels of viral RNA at mucosal surfaces, and elevated viral titers in milk. Milk production was reduced, which directly affected the growth of the lambs, particularly within the rSA999 group. The ewes with higher WSLV titers in their milk in each group transmitted the infection to their lambs, which developed fever, prolonged viremia, and virus secretion. All infected animals produced high antibody titers with cross-neutralizing activity against both WSLV strains. Histopathology and blood biochemistry analysis indicated liver damage associated with necrotizing hepatitis lesions and active viral replication in some cases, which was more pronounced in the rSA999 group. Notably, only the SAH177-infected animals exhibited lesions consistent with meningoencephalitis, suggesting that WSLV clade II strains are neurotropic and that clade I strain are more hepatotropic. These findings demonstrate a previously unrecognized mode of vector-free transmission of WSLV that raises significant concerns for public and animal health.
Handle
https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/194541
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