Taneri, Petek EylulPetek EylulTaneriWehrli, FainaFainaWehrliRoa Díaz, Zayne MilenaZayne MilenaRoa Díaz0000-0002-0847-0969Itodo, Oche AdamOche AdamItodo0000-0002-0702-1301Salvador, Dante Jr.Dante Jr.Salvador0000-0002-4738-5628Raeisi-Dehkordi, HamidrezaHamidrezaRaeisi-DehkordiBally, Lia ClaudiaLia ClaudiaBallyMinder, BeatriceBeatriceMinder0000-0003-1345-2594Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica CJessica CKiefte-de JongLaine Carmeli, Jessica EvelynJessica EvelynLaine CarmeliBano, ArjolaArjolaBanoGlisic, MarijaMarijaGlisicMuka, TaulantTaulantMuka2024-10-092024-10-092022-06-27https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/68020Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption have increased in the world during the last decades since they are hyper-palatable, cheap and ready-to-consume products. However, uncertainty exists on their impact on health. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the association of UPF consumption with the all-cause mortality risk. Five bibliographic databases were searched for relevant studies. Random effects models were used to calculate pooled relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Of 6,951 unique citations, 40 unique prospective cohort studies comprising 5,750,133 individuals were included. Publication date of the included studies ranged from 1984 to2021. Compared to low consumption, highest consumption of UPF (RR=1.29, 95% CI 1.17-1.42), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) (RR=1.11, 95% CI, 1.04-1.18), artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) (RR=1.14, 95% CI, 1.05-1.22) and processed meat/red meat (RR=1.15, 95% CI, 1.10-1.21) were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality. On the contrary, breakfast cereals were associated with a lower mortality risk (RR=0.85, 95% CI, 0.79-0.92). Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that high consumption of UPF, SSB, ASB, processed meat and processed red meat might increase all-cause mortality, while breakfast cereals might decrease it. Future studies are needed to address lack of standardized methods in UPF categorization.enAll-cause mortality Artifically-sweetened beverages Sugar-sweetened beverages Ultra-processed foods breakfast cereals processed meat600 - Technology::610 - Medicine & health300 - Social sciences, sociology & anthropology::360 - Social problems & social services000 - Computer science, knowledge & systems::020 - Library & information sciencesarticle10.48350/1663233523193010.1093/aje/kwac039