Vuille-Lessard, EliseEliseVuille-LessardMontani, MatteoMatteoMontani0000-0001-5377-0875Bosch Genover, JaimeJaimeBosch GenoverSemmo, NasserNasserSemmo2024-09-212024-09-212021-09https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/45795The development of autoimmune diseases has been reported after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 could also trigger auto-immunity, as it has been described with other vaccines. An aberrant immune response induced by molecular mimicry and bystander activation, especially in predisposed individuals, is a potential mechanism. We report the case of a 76-year-old woman with Hashimoto thyroiditis and prior COVID-19 infection who developed severe autoimmune hepatitis (with typical features including strongly positive anti-smooth muscle antibody and markedly elevated immunoglobulins G, as well as typical histological findings) following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, Moderna®). The link between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and the development of autoimmune diseases needs to be further investigated. Although a causality relationship cannot be proven, caution may be warranted when vaccinating individuals with known autoimmune diseases.enAutoimmune hepatitis COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination600 - Technology::610 - Medicine & health500 - Science::570 - Life sciences; biologyarticle10.48350/1595503433243810.1016/j.jaut.2021.102710