Turtle, E PE PTurtleMcEwen, A SA SMcEwenPatterson, G WG WPattersonErnst, C MC MErnstElder, C MC MElderSlack, K AK ASlackHawkins, S ES EHawkinsMcDermott, JJMcDermottMeyer, HHMeyerDeMajistre, RRDeMajistreEspiritu, RREspirituSeifert, HHSeifertNiewola, JJNiewolaBland, MMBlandBecker, MMBeckerCenturelli, JJCenturelliCollins, G CG CCollinsCorlies, PPCorliesDarlington, HHDarlingtonDaubar, I JI JDaubarDerr, CCDerrDetelich, CCDetelichDonald, EEDonaldEdens, WWEdensFletcher, LLFletcherGardner, CCGardnerGraham, FFGrahamHansen, C JC JHansenHaslebacher, C.C.Haslebacher0000-0003-0674-1216Hayes, A GA GHayesHumm, DDHummHurford, T AT AHurfordKirk, R LR LKirkKutsop, NNKutsopLees, W JW JLeesLewis, DDLewisLondon, SSLondonMagner, AAMagnerMills, MMMillsBarr Mlinar, A CA CBarr MlinarMorgan, FFMorganNimmo, FFNimmoOcasio Milanes, AAOcasio MilanesOsterman, SSOstermanPhillips, C BC BPhillipsPommerol, A.A.PommerolProckter, LLProckterQuick, L CL CQuickRobbins, GGRobbinsSoderblom, J MJ MSoderblomStewart, BBStewartStickle, AAStickleSutton, S SS SSuttonThomas, N.N.ThomasTorres, IITorresTucker, O JO JTuckerVan Auken, R BR BVan AukenWilk, K AK AWilk2025-01-142025-01-142024https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/194548The Europa Imaging System (EIS) consists of a Narrow-Angle Camera (NAC) and a Wide-Angle Camera (WAC) that are designed to work together to address high-priority science objectives regarding Europa's geology, composition, and the nature of its ice shell. EIS accommodates variable geometry and illumination during rapid, low-altitude flybys with both framing and pushbroom imaging capability using rapid-readout, 8-megapixel (4k × 2k) detectors. Color observations are acquired using pushbroom imaging with up to six broadband filters. The data processing units (DPUs) perform digital time delay integration (TDI) to enhance signal-to-noise ratios and use readout strategies to measure and correct spacecraft jitter. The NAC has a 2.3° × 1.2° field of view (FOV) with a 10-μrad instantaneous FOV (IFOV), thus achieving 0.5-m pixel scale over a swath that is 2 km wide and several km long from a range of 50 km. The NAC is mounted on a 2-axis gimbal, ±30° cross- and along-track, that enables independent targeting and near-global (≥90%) mapping of Europa at ≤100-m pixel scale (to date, only ∼15% of Europa has been imaged at ≤900 m/pixel), as well as stereo imaging from as close as 50-km altitude to generate digital terrain models (DTMs) with ≤4-m ground sample distance (GSD) and ≤0.5-m vertical precision. The NAC will also perform observations at long range to search for potential erupting plumes, achieving 10-km pixel scale at a distance of one million kilometers. The WAC has a 48° × 24° FOV with a 218-μrad IFOV, achieving 11-m pixel scale at the center of a 44-km-wide swath from a range of 50 km, and generating DTMs with 32-m GSD and ≤4-m vertical precision. The WAC is designed to acquire three-line pushbroom stereo and color swaths along flyby ground-tracks.enCameraEuropaEuropa Clipper MissionIcy satelliteMappingOcean worldPlumes500 - Science::530 - Physics500 - Science::520 - Astronomy600 - Technology::620 - Engineeringarticle10.48620/846093965016510.1007/s11214-024-01115-9