Pircher, AndreasAndreasPircherBakowska-Zywicka, KamillaKamillaBakowska-ZywickaSchneider, LukasLukasSchneiderZywicki, MarekMarekZywickiPolacek, NorbertNorbertPolacek0000-0001-5317-39902024-10-152024-10-152014-04-10https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/123164The structural and functional repertoire of small non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is central for establishing gene regulation networks in cells and organisms. Here, we show that an mRNA-derived 18-nucleotide-long ncRNA is capable of downregulating translation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by targeting the ribosome. This 18-mer ncRNA binds to polysomes upon salt stress and is crucial for efficient growth under hyperosmotic conditions. Although the 18-mer RNA originates from the TRM10 locus, which encodes a tRNA methyltransferase, genetic analyses revealed the 18-mer RNA nucleotide sequence, rather than the mRNA-encoded enzyme, as the translation regulator. Our data reveal the ribosome as a target for a small regulatory ncRNA and demonstrate the existence of a yet unkown mechanism of translation regulation. Ribosome-targeted small ncRNAs are found in all domains of life and represent a prevalent but so far largely unexplored class of regulatory molecules.en500 - Science::570 - Life sciences; biology500 - Science::540 - Chemistryarticle10.7892/boris.521472468515710.1016/j.molcel.2014.02.024