Verheij, Berit JessicaBerit JessicaVerheij0000-0003-4197-4701Ay, DenizDenizAy0000-0003-3927-2903Gerber, Jean-DavidJean-DavidGerber0000-0001-9111-9071Nahrath, StéphaneStéphaneNahrath2025-01-082025-01-082023-08-07https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/202364Implementing densification while ensuring green space accessibility is a crucial planning challenge. The powerful role of private for-profit actors densification projects mean that green spaces are at risk of being co-opted by private interests and transformed into club goods. Using a new-institutionalist approach, we analyse the implementation of densification and urban greening based on two case-studies in Switzerland and the Netherlands. We ask what planning strategies are successful in ensuring public access to green spaces in private-led densification. To counteract club formation, planners need to restrict property rights, actively monitor implementation of planning objectives, and ensure an open physical design.en900 - History::910 - Geography & travel700 - Arts::710 - Landscaping & area planning300 - Social sciences, sociology & anthropology300 - Social sciences, sociology & anthropology::330 - Economicsarticle10.48350/18617510.1080/14649357.2023.2239215