Dazio, Valentina ElisaValentina ElisaDazioNigg, AurélienAurélienNiggSchmidt, Janne SJanne SSchmidtQuinta Brilhante, MichaelMichaelQuinta BrilhanteCampos-Madueno, Edgar IgorEdgar IgorCampos-MaduenoMauri, NicoNicoMauriKuster, Stefan PStefan PKusterGobeli, StefanieStefanieGobeliWilli, BarbaraBarbaraWilliEndimiani, AndreaAndreaEndimiani0000-0003-3186-5421Perreten, VincentVincentPerreten0000-0001-5722-9445Schuller, SimoneSimoneSchuller0000-0002-7316-44232025-01-082025-01-082021-12https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/201674Background The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) represent a threat to human and animal health. Objectives To assess duration of carriage of MDROs in dogs and cats presented to veterinary clinics/hospitals in Switzerland. To estimate prevalence, duration of and risk factors for MDRO carriage in their owners and the occurrence of co-carriage in owner-pet pairs. Methods Prospective, longitudinal, observational study. Nasal swabs and fecal samples were collected from 50 owners of dogs and cats presented to 3 large veterinary hospitals, 1 medium-sized clinic and 1 practice. If pet or owner tested positive for a MDRO, follow-up samples were collected for up to 8 months. Methicillin-resistant (MR) Staphylococcus aureus, MR S. pseudintermedius, MR coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS), MR Macrococcus spp., cephalosporinase- and carbapenemase-producing (CP) Enterobacterales were isolated and further characterized by MALDI-TOF MS, microdilution, β-lactam resistance gene detection, REP/ERIC-PCR, multilocus sequence typing or whole-genome sequencing. Risk factors for MDRO carriage in owners were explored based on questionnaire-derived data. Results Five out of 50 owners carried 3rd generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (3GC-R-Ent.), and 5/50 MRCoNS. In 3 dogs and 4 cats carriage of 3GC-R-Ent. persisted for up to 136 days after discharge (median 99 days, IQR 83 days, range 36-136 days), in two cats isolates were carbapenem-resistant. Owner-pet co-carriage was not observed. No specific risk factors for MDRO carriage in owners were identified. Conclusions After discharge from veterinary care, dogs and cats may carry 3GC-R-Ent. for prolonged time periods. Carriage of MDROs was common in owners, but pet-owner co-carriage of the same MDRO was not observed.en3GC-RThird Generation Cephalosporin-resistant 3GC-R-Ent.Third Generation Cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales AMRAntimicrobial resistance CIConfidence interval CLSIClinical and Laboratory Standards Institute COL-RColistin-resistant CPCarbapenemase-producing CRCarbapenem-resistant CRECarbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales Co-carriage Companion animal ERIC-PCREnterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction ESBLExtended spectrum β-lactamase ESBL-E. coliESBL-producing Escherichia coli ESBL-KPESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae EUCASTEuropean Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Extended-spectrum β-lactamase IQRInterquartile range KPKlebsiella pneumoniae MALDI-TOF MSMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry MDRMultidrug-resistant MDROsMultidrug-resistant organisms MICsMinimal inhibitory concentrations MLSTMultilocus sequence typing MRMethicillin-resistant MRCoNSMethicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci MRSAMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSPMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius REP-PCRRepetitive element palindromic polymerase chain reaction STSequence type TMP-STrimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Transmission WGSWhole-genome sequencing pAmpCPlasmid-encoded AmpC600 - Technology::630 - Agriculturearticle10.48350/1601263452276010.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100322