Brinkhof, MartinMartinBrinkhofEgger, MatthiasMatthiasEgger0000-0001-7462-5132Brinkhof, MWMWBrinkhofEgger, MMEggerBoulle, AABoulleMay, MMMayHosseinipour, MMHosseinipourSprinz, EESprinzBraitstein, PPBraitsteinDabis, FFDabisReiss, PPReissBangsberg, DRDRBangsbergRickenbach, MMRickenbachMiro, JMJMMiroMyer, LLMyerMocroft, AAMocroftNash, DDNashKeiser, OOKeiserPascoe, MMPascoevan der Borght, SSvan der BorghtSchechter, MMSchechter2024-10-132024-10-132007https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/95812We examined the incidence of and risk factors for tuberculosis during the first year of highly active antiretroviral therapy in low-income (4540 patients) and high-income (22,217 patients) countries. Although incidence was much higher in low-income countries, the reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy was similar: the rate ratio for months 7-12 versus months 1-3 was 0.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.36-0.64) in low-income countries and 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.50) in high-income countries. A low CD4 cell count at the start of therapy was the most important risk factor in both settings.enarticle10.48350/221121799023600025108080002010.1086/522986