miR-27b-3p modulates liver sinusoidal endothelium dedifferentiation in chronic liver disease.

Background
During chronic liver diseases, LSECs undergo a dedifferentiation process contributing to the development of hepatic microvascular dysfunction. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with chronic liver disease, their role as modulators of liver endothelial phenotype is mostly unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze miRNAs as regulators of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial dysfunction in chronic liver disease to suggest novel and translatable therapeutic options for cirrhosis.
Methods
Global expression of miRNAs was determined in primary LSECs from healthy and cirrhotic patients (alcohol abuse) and rats (CCl4 inhalation). LSECs were transfected with the mimetic or inhibitor of dysregulated miRNAs or with quantum dot nano-complexes containing miR-27b-3p or negative control, and endothelial phenotype was analyzed by RNA sequencing, quantitative PCR, and western blot. Endothelial or mesenchymal phenotypes were analyzed in LSEC by RNA sequencing, followed by pathway analyses and gene deconvolution.
Results
In all, 30 and 69 dysregulated miRNAs were identified in human and rat cirrhosis, respectively, of which 6 miRNAs were commonly dysregulated. Specific exogenous downregulation of miR-27b-3p was associated with the upregulation of target genes, suggesting a correlation between loss of miR-27b-3p and LSEC dedifferentiation. Finally, the expression of miR-27b-3p was efficiently and physiologically re-established in cirrhotic LSECs using nano-miR-27b-3p, leading to modulation of 1055 genes compared with the negative control, ultimately leading to inhibition of the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition process observed in cirrhosis.
Conclusions
Loss of miR-27b-3p expression contributes to LSECs dedifferentiation in cirrhosis. The use of nano-miR-27b-3p represents a new therapeutic option for hepatic diseases coursing with endothelial dysfunction.