Three-year mortality in 30-day survivors of critical care with acute kidney injury: data from the prospective observational FINNAKI study.
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BORIS DOI
Publisher DOI
PubMed ID
27900737
Description
BACKGROUND
The role of an episode of acute kidney injury (AKI) in long-term mortality among initial survivors of critical illness is controversial. We aimed to determine whether AKI is independently associated with decreased survival at 3 years among 30-day survivors of intensive care.
RESULTS
We included 2336 30-day survivors of intensive care enrolled in the FINNAKI study conducted in seventeen medical-surgical ICUs in Finland during a 5-month period in 2011-2012. The incidence of AKI, defined by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria, was 34.6%, and 192 (8.3%) commenced RRT. The 3-year mortality among AKI patients was 23.5% (95% CI 20.6-26.4%) compared to 18.9% (17.0-20.9%) of patients without AKI, p = 0.01. However, after adjustments using Cox proportional hazards regression, AKI was not associated with decreased 3-year survival (HR 1.05; CI 95% 0.86-1.27), whereas advanced age, poor pre-morbid functional performance, and presence of several comorbidities were. Additionally, we matched AKI patients to non-AKI patients 1:1 according to age, gender, presence of severe sepsis, and a propensity score to develop AKI. In the well-balanced matched cohort, 3-year mortality among AKI patients was 136 of 662 (20.5%; 17.5-23.6%) and among matched non-AKI patients 143 of 662 (21.6%; 18.5-24.7%), p = 0.687. Neither AKI nor RRT was associated with decreased survival at 3 years in the sensitivity analyses that excluded patients (1) with chronic kidney disease, (2) with AKI not commenced renal replacement therapy (RRT), and (3) with estimated pre-admission creatinine, chronic kidney disease, or AKI stage 1.
CONCLUSION
AKI was not an independent risk factor for 3-year mortality among 30-day survivors. Increased 3-year mortality among patients with AKI who survive critical illness may not be related to AKI per se, but rather to advanced age and pre-existing comorbidities.
The role of an episode of acute kidney injury (AKI) in long-term mortality among initial survivors of critical illness is controversial. We aimed to determine whether AKI is independently associated with decreased survival at 3 years among 30-day survivors of intensive care.
RESULTS
We included 2336 30-day survivors of intensive care enrolled in the FINNAKI study conducted in seventeen medical-surgical ICUs in Finland during a 5-month period in 2011-2012. The incidence of AKI, defined by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria, was 34.6%, and 192 (8.3%) commenced RRT. The 3-year mortality among AKI patients was 23.5% (95% CI 20.6-26.4%) compared to 18.9% (17.0-20.9%) of patients without AKI, p = 0.01. However, after adjustments using Cox proportional hazards regression, AKI was not associated with decreased 3-year survival (HR 1.05; CI 95% 0.86-1.27), whereas advanced age, poor pre-morbid functional performance, and presence of several comorbidities were. Additionally, we matched AKI patients to non-AKI patients 1:1 according to age, gender, presence of severe sepsis, and a propensity score to develop AKI. In the well-balanced matched cohort, 3-year mortality among AKI patients was 136 of 662 (20.5%; 17.5-23.6%) and among matched non-AKI patients 143 of 662 (21.6%; 18.5-24.7%), p = 0.687. Neither AKI nor RRT was associated with decreased survival at 3 years in the sensitivity analyses that excluded patients (1) with chronic kidney disease, (2) with AKI not commenced renal replacement therapy (RRT), and (3) with estimated pre-admission creatinine, chronic kidney disease, or AKI stage 1.
CONCLUSION
AKI was not an independent risk factor for 3-year mortality among 30-day survivors. Increased 3-year mortality among patients with AKI who survive critical illness may not be related to AKI per se, but rather to advanced age and pre-existing comorbidities.
Date of Publication
2016-12
Publication Type
Article
Subject(s)
Keyword(s)
Acute kidney injury
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Intensive care
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Long-term mortality
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Renal replacement therapy
Language(s)
en
Contributor(s)
Mildh, Henriikka | |
Korhonen, Anna-Maija | |
Karlsson, Sari | |
Ala-Kokko, Tero | |
Reinikainen, Matti | |
Vaara, Suvi T | |
FINNAKI, Study Group |
Additional Credits
Series
Annals of intensive care
Publisher
Springer
ISSN
2110-5820
Access(Rights)
open.access