Does autogamy contribute to invasion in Lilium formosanum?

The Taiwanese geophyte Lilium formosanum is invasive in the eastern parts of South Africa. Although it is capable of autogamy, a pollinator, the hawkmoth Agrius convolvuli, is present. Reproduction may therefore take place both by self- and cross-fertilisation. The relative importance of these modes of pollination for seed production is evaluated using emasculation experiments. The potential contributions of outcrossed and selfed progeny to invasion are assessed in progeny performance trials.