How many knots are necessary to achieve knot security of two high strength suture tapes? A biomechanical comparative analysis.
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BORIS DOI
Date of Publication
December 16, 2024
Publication Type
Article
Division/Institute
Author
Zderic, Ivan | |
van Knegsel, Kenneth P | |
Berk, Till | |
Mechkarska, Rayna | |
Beeres, Frank J P | |
Gueorguiev, Boyko | |
Pastor, Torsten |
Subject(s)
Series
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
ISSN or ISBN (if monograph)
1434-3916
0936-8051
Publisher
Springer
Language
English
Publisher DOI
PubMed ID
39680173
Uncontrolled Keywords
Description
Introduction
According to current clinical practice, a minimum of 7 knots are required to provide secure hold in high-strength sutures. A new technology featuring a suture tape with a salt-infused silicon core has been recently developed, potentially reducing the number of needed knots.Aims
to (1) assess the influence of number of knots on tape security, (2) evaluate the effect of different ambient conditions on knot security, and (3) compare the biomechanical competence of the novel versus a conventional suture tape.Materials And Methods
A conventional suture tape (ST, SutureTapetm) was considered for knot tying together with the novel suture type (DT, Dynatapetm). Specimens were assigned to receive different number of knots, ranging from 3 to 7, and to be exposed to different media during tying-air (dry), saline solution (wet), and fat (fatty-wet). Seven specimens were considered for each suture type, knot number and ambient condition. With knotted sutures mounted between two roller bearings, quasi-static tensile ramp tests were performed to evaluate knot slippage, ultimate force at rupture, and minimum number of knots preventing suture unraveling for each suture tape and condition.Results
Whereas the ST ruptured without unraveling with a minimum of 6 knots in all specimens and ambient conditions, the minimum number of knots for a DT rupture without unraveling was 6 in dry, 4 in wet, and 5 in fatty-wet condition. Ultimate force at rupture with a minimum number of needed knots did not differ significantly between ST and DT (p ≥ 0.067), in contrast to knot slippage that was significantly bigger for ST versus DT in wet and fatty-wet conditions(p ≤ 0.001).Conclusions
In fatty-wet conditions-related to open surgery-the novel Dynatapetm suture tape requires 5 instead of 7 knots to achieve their security. In wet conditions-related to arthroscopic surgery-this number can be reduced to 4 knots. In contrast, the conventional SutureTapetm needs 6 knots to provide security in all conditions.
According to current clinical practice, a minimum of 7 knots are required to provide secure hold in high-strength sutures. A new technology featuring a suture tape with a salt-infused silicon core has been recently developed, potentially reducing the number of needed knots.Aims
to (1) assess the influence of number of knots on tape security, (2) evaluate the effect of different ambient conditions on knot security, and (3) compare the biomechanical competence of the novel versus a conventional suture tape.Materials And Methods
A conventional suture tape (ST, SutureTapetm) was considered for knot tying together with the novel suture type (DT, Dynatapetm). Specimens were assigned to receive different number of knots, ranging from 3 to 7, and to be exposed to different media during tying-air (dry), saline solution (wet), and fat (fatty-wet). Seven specimens were considered for each suture type, knot number and ambient condition. With knotted sutures mounted between two roller bearings, quasi-static tensile ramp tests were performed to evaluate knot slippage, ultimate force at rupture, and minimum number of knots preventing suture unraveling for each suture tape and condition.Results
Whereas the ST ruptured without unraveling with a minimum of 6 knots in all specimens and ambient conditions, the minimum number of knots for a DT rupture without unraveling was 6 in dry, 4 in wet, and 5 in fatty-wet condition. Ultimate force at rupture with a minimum number of needed knots did not differ significantly between ST and DT (p ≥ 0.067), in contrast to knot slippage that was significantly bigger for ST versus DT in wet and fatty-wet conditions(p ≤ 0.001).Conclusions
In fatty-wet conditions-related to open surgery-the novel Dynatapetm suture tape requires 5 instead of 7 knots to achieve their security. In wet conditions-related to arthroscopic surgery-this number can be reduced to 4 knots. In contrast, the conventional SutureTapetm needs 6 knots to provide security in all conditions.