Mystik und Askese in der orthodoxen Theologie: Perspektiven aus dem 20. Jahrhundert

Abstract

The contribution presents different perspectives in 20th century Orthodox theology from monastic and academic-reflective points of view. With reference to the insights of Silouan of Athos, Sophroni Sakharov, Myrrha-Lot Borodine, Maria Skobtsova, Dumitru Staniloae and Kallistos Ware, a holistic concept of the ascetic and mystical life is reconstructed. This concept is closely linked to the Christian Orthodox understanding of participation in God’s uncreated energies, as well as to the emphasis on the synergy between human freedom and divine grace. The experience of the Jesus Prayer, as well as the reception of patristic literature and the Philokalia significantly shaped the ascetic-mystical dimension of Orthodox theology in the 20th century. Mysticism and asceticism are not two separate realms; they are interdependent and mutually enriching. At the same time, the perspectives discussed let us see the strong relationship between mystical experience and an iconic and relational understanding of the person.