Management of acute decompensated valvular heart disease.

DOI
Publisher DOI
PubMed ID
39663714
Abstract
Worldwide, valvular heart disease (VHD) is a common cause of hospitalization for acute heart failure. In acute heart failure caused by VHD, symptoms result from rapid haemodynamic changes and subsequent decline in cardiac function, and if left untreated, leads to acute decompensation and cardiogenic shock. Current evidence remains scarce and recommendations regarding the management of acute heart failure caused by VHD are lacking in most recent international guidelines. Herein, we review the management of acute heart failure caused by VHD with a focus on transcatheter therapies and describe currently available evidence based on a systematic literature search on the following valve pathologies: (i) aortic stenosis, (ii) aortic regurgitation, (iii) mitral regurgitation, and (iv) mitral stenosis. Articles reporting outcomes following urgent or emergent valve intervention in the setting of cardiogenic shock or acute heart failure were considered. After screening a total of 2234 articles, 76 published between 1994 and 2023 were included in subsequent analysis. Based on available evidence, proposed treatment algorithms to guide optimal management of acute heart failure caused by VHD were created. As the number of patients presenting with acute heart failure caused by VHD continues to rise and outcomes following transcatheter valve interventions continue to improve, it is inevitable that minimally invasive options will play an increasingly important role in the acute setting, especially given these patients are at an increased operative risk. This review aims to present an organized approach to the complex management and interventional treatment of patients with acute heart failure caused by VHD.
Date Issued
2025-04
Publication Type
Article
Subject(s)
Subjects
Acute decompensated heart failure
•
Valvular heart disease
Language(s)
en
Author(s)
Lüsebrink, Enzo
Lanz, Hugo
Kellnar, Antonia
Karam, Nicole
Kapadia, Samir
Makkar, Raj
Abraham, William T
Latib, Azeem
Sannino, Anna
Shuvy, Mony
Guerrero, Mayra
Fam, Neil
Butler, Javed
Adamo, Marianna
Rudolph, Volker
Tang, Gilbert H L
Stocker, Thomas J
Rommel, Karl-Philipp
Lurz, Philipp
Thiele, Holger
Massberg, Steffen
Prendergast, Bernard
Hausleiter, Jörg
Additional Credits
Journal
European Journal of Heart Failure
Publisher
Wiley
ISSN
1879-0844
1388-9842
Access(Rights)
restricted
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