Research priorities to improve classification of sleep-wake disorders.

The International Classification of Sleep Disorders (American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2023) [1] is the major nosological system for sleep-wake disorders. It is developed by content experts, employing an evidence-based approach to the formulation of diagnostic criteria and related text. However, through this process, ICSD-3-TR task force members and work group chairs identified areas that lack adequate data for formulation of diagnostic criteria, resulting in diagnostic ambiguity and uncertainty. In this article, this panel reports the identified key issues, presents currently available data, and suggests research strategies to improve accuracy and reliability of diagnosis.