Deep-learning powered denoising of Monte Carlo dose distributions
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Description
This work demonstrates the development and application of
fast deep-learning models designed for the mitigation of noise in Monte
Carlo dose distributions (MC-DDs) with high statistical uncertainty
(SU) of radiotherapy treatment plans. Five 3D U-net models were
developed, varying in input, input size and batch normalization. The
models were trained on pairs of high/low SU MC-DD pairs of randomly
generated clinically motivated treatment plans calculated on open
source available computed tomography (CT) scans. Depending on the
model, the CT was included as input. The accuracy of the models is
evaluated on the test set using gamma passing rate (2% global, 2 mm,
10% threshold) comparing denoised and low SU MC-DD. The best
performing model included the CT input and no batch normalization. It
was retrained for detailed evaluation on inhouse data, consisting of
high/low-SU MC-DD pairs generated from 106 clinically-motivated
volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) arcs for 29 CT scans. The
dataset was augmented to encompass a total of 3074 pairs. On the test
set, the denoised MC-DDs agree with low-SU MC-DDs, by an average
(standard deviation) gamma passing rate of 82.9% (4.7%). Applied to
12 previously unobserved clinically-motivated cases originating from
different treatment sites yields an average gamma passing rate of
91.0%. Denoised DDs are computed, on average, in 35.1 seconds, a
340-fold efficiency gain compared to the calculation of low-SU MC-
DDs
fast deep-learning models designed for the mitigation of noise in Monte
Carlo dose distributions (MC-DDs) with high statistical uncertainty
(SU) of radiotherapy treatment plans. Five 3D U-net models were
developed, varying in input, input size and batch normalization. The
models were trained on pairs of high/low SU MC-DD pairs of randomly
generated clinically motivated treatment plans calculated on open
source available computed tomography (CT) scans. Depending on the
model, the CT was included as input. The accuracy of the models is
evaluated on the test set using gamma passing rate (2% global, 2 mm,
10% threshold) comparing denoised and low SU MC-DD. The best
performing model included the CT input and no batch normalization. It
was retrained for detailed evaluation on inhouse data, consisting of
high/low-SU MC-DD pairs generated from 106 clinically-motivated
volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) arcs for 29 CT scans. The
dataset was augmented to encompass a total of 3074 pairs. On the test
set, the denoised MC-DDs agree with low-SU MC-DDs, by an average
(standard deviation) gamma passing rate of 82.9% (4.7%). Applied to
12 previously unobserved clinically-motivated cases originating from
different treatment sites yields an average gamma passing rate of
91.0%. Denoised DDs are computed, on average, in 35.1 seconds, a
340-fold efficiency gain compared to the calculation of low-SU MC-
DDs
Date of Publication
2024
Publication Type
Conference Item
Language(s)
en
Contributor(s)
Loebner, Hannes A. | |
Joost, Raphael | |
Access(Rights)
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