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Publication:
The stability of the thermohaline circulation in global warming experiments

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cris.virtual.author-orcid#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
cris.virtual.author-orcid#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
cris.virtualsource.author-orcid46d13f97-a7ed-4563-b9ac-ba3a7ef16c50
dc.contributor.authorSchmittner, Andreas
dc.contributor.authorStocker, Thomas
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-02T17:50:55Z
dc.date.available2024-09-02T17:50:55Z
dc.date.issued1999
dc.description.abstractA simplified climate model of the coupled ocean–atmosphere system is used to perform extensive sensitivity studies concerning possible future climate change induced by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Supplemented with an active atmospheric hydrological cycle, experiments with different rates of CO2 increase and different climate sensitivities are performed. The model exhibits a threshold value of atmospheric CO2 concentration beyond which the North Atlantic Deep Water formation stops and never recovers. For a climate sensitivity that leads to an equilibrium warming of 3.6°C for a doubling of CO2 and a rate of CO2 increase of 1% yr−1, the threshold lies between 650 and 700 ppmv. Moreover, it is shown that the stability of the thermohaline circulation depends on the rate of increase of greenhouse gases. For a slower increase of atmospheric pCO2 the final amount that can be reached without a shutdown of the circulation is considerably higher. This rate-sensitive response is due to the uptake of heat and excess freshwater from the uppermost layers to the deep ocean. The increased equator-to-pole freshwater transport in a warmer atmosphere is mainly responsible for the cessation of deep water formation in the North Atlantic. Another consequence of the enhanced latent heat transport is a stronger warming at high latitudes. A model version with fixed water vapor transport exhibits uniform warming at all latitudes. The inclusion of a simple parameterization of the ice-albedo feedback increases the model sensitivity and further decreases the pole-to-equator temperature difference in a greenhouse climate. The possible range of CO2 threshold concentrations and its dependency on the rate of CO2 increase, on the climate sensitivity, and on other model parameters are discussed.
dc.description.numberOfPages17
dc.description.sponsorshipPhysikalisches Institut, Klima- und Umweltphysik (KUP)
dc.identifier.doi10.48350/158883
dc.identifier.publisherDOI10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012%3C1117:TSOTTC%3E2.0.CO;2
dc.identifier.urihttps://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/43464
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Climate
dc.relation.issn0894-8755
dc.relation.organizationDCD5A442BF29E17DE0405C82790C4DE2
dc.subject.ddc500 - Science::530 - Physics
dc.titleThe stability of the thermohaline circulation in global warming experiments
dc.typearticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage1133
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.startPage1117
oaire.citation.volume12
oairecerif.author.affiliation#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.author.affiliationPhysikalisches Institut, Klima- und Umweltphysik (KUP)
oairecerif.author.affiliation2#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.author.affiliation2#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.author.affiliation3#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.author.affiliation3#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.author.affiliation4#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
oairecerif.author.affiliation4#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
unibe.contributor.rolecreator
unibe.contributor.rolecreator
unibe.date.licenseChanged2021-08-25 09:17:14
unibe.description.ispublishedpub
unibe.eprints.legacyId158883
unibe.journal.abbrevTitleJ CLIMATE
unibe.refereedTRUE
unibe.subtype.articlejournal

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