Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk for fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Publisher DOI
PubMed ID
25089863
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Data on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and fractures conflict.
PURPOSE
To assess the risk for hip and nonspine fractures associated with subclinical thyroid dysfunction among prospective cohorts.
DATA SOURCES
Search of MEDLINE and EMBASE (1946 to 16 March 2014) and reference lists of retrieved articles without language restriction.
STUDY SELECTION
Two physicians screened and identified prospective cohorts that measured thyroid function and followed participants to assess fracture outcomes.
DATA EXTRACTION
One reviewer extracted data using a standardized protocol, and another verified data. Both reviewers independently assessed methodological quality of the studies.
DATA SYNTHESIS
The 7 population-based cohorts of heterogeneous quality included 50,245 participants with 1966 hip and 3281 nonspine fractures. In random-effects models that included the 5 higher-quality studies, the pooled adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of participants with subclinical hyperthyroidism versus euthyrodism were 1.38 (95% CI, 0.92 to 2.07) for hip fractures and 1.20 (CI, 0.83 to 1.72) for nonspine fractures without statistical heterogeneity (P = 0.82 and 0.52, respectively; I2= 0%). Pooled estimates for the 7 cohorts were 1.26 (CI, 0.96 to 1.65) for hip fractures and 1.16 (CI, 0.95 to 1.42) for nonspine fractures. When thyroxine recipients were excluded, the HRs for participants with subclinical hyperthyroidism were 2.16 (CI, 0.87 to 5.37) for hip fractures and 1.43 (CI, 0.73 to 2.78) for nonspine fractures. For participants with subclinical hypothyroidism, HRs from higher-quality studies were 1.12 (CI, 0.83 to 1.51) for hip fractures and 1.04 (CI, 0.76 to 1.42) for nonspine fractures (P for heterogeneity = 0.69 and 0.88, respectively; I2 = 0%).
LIMITATIONS
Selective reporting cannot be excluded. Adjustment for potential common confounders varied and was not adequately done across all studies.
CONCLUSION
Subclinical hyperthyroidism might be associated with an increased risk for hip and nonspine fractures, but additional large, high-quality studies are needed.
PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE
Swiss National Science Foundation.
Data on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and fractures conflict.
PURPOSE
To assess the risk for hip and nonspine fractures associated with subclinical thyroid dysfunction among prospective cohorts.
DATA SOURCES
Search of MEDLINE and EMBASE (1946 to 16 March 2014) and reference lists of retrieved articles without language restriction.
STUDY SELECTION
Two physicians screened and identified prospective cohorts that measured thyroid function and followed participants to assess fracture outcomes.
DATA EXTRACTION
One reviewer extracted data using a standardized protocol, and another verified data. Both reviewers independently assessed methodological quality of the studies.
DATA SYNTHESIS
The 7 population-based cohorts of heterogeneous quality included 50,245 participants with 1966 hip and 3281 nonspine fractures. In random-effects models that included the 5 higher-quality studies, the pooled adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of participants with subclinical hyperthyroidism versus euthyrodism were 1.38 (95% CI, 0.92 to 2.07) for hip fractures and 1.20 (CI, 0.83 to 1.72) for nonspine fractures without statistical heterogeneity (P = 0.82 and 0.52, respectively; I2= 0%). Pooled estimates for the 7 cohorts were 1.26 (CI, 0.96 to 1.65) for hip fractures and 1.16 (CI, 0.95 to 1.42) for nonspine fractures. When thyroxine recipients were excluded, the HRs for participants with subclinical hyperthyroidism were 2.16 (CI, 0.87 to 5.37) for hip fractures and 1.43 (CI, 0.73 to 2.78) for nonspine fractures. For participants with subclinical hypothyroidism, HRs from higher-quality studies were 1.12 (CI, 0.83 to 1.51) for hip fractures and 1.04 (CI, 0.76 to 1.42) for nonspine fractures (P for heterogeneity = 0.69 and 0.88, respectively; I2 = 0%).
LIMITATIONS
Selective reporting cannot be excluded. Adjustment for potential common confounders varied and was not adequately done across all studies.
CONCLUSION
Subclinical hyperthyroidism might be associated with an increased risk for hip and nonspine fractures, but additional large, high-quality studies are needed.
PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE
Swiss National Science Foundation.
Date Issued
2014-08-05
Publication Type
Article
Subject(s)
Language(s)
en
Author(s)
Blum, Manuel R | |
da Costa, Bruno R | |
Collet, Tinh-Hai | |
Medici, Marco | |
Peeters, Robin P | |
Bauer, Douglas C |
Additional Credits
Journal
Annals of internal medicine
Publisher
American College of Physicians
ISSN
0003-4819
Access(Rights)
restricted