Duration of carriage of multidrug-resistant bacteria in dogs and cats in veterinary care and co-carriage with their owners.
Publisher DOI
PubMed ID
34522760
Abstract
Background
The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) represent a threat to human and animal health.
Objectives
To assess duration of carriage of MDROs in dogs and cats presented to veterinary clinics/hospitals in Switzerland. To estimate prevalence, duration of and risk factors for MDRO carriage in their owners and the occurrence of co-carriage in owner-pet pairs.
Methods
Prospective, longitudinal, observational study. Nasal swabs and fecal samples were collected from 50 owners of dogs and cats presented to 3 large veterinary hospitals, 1 medium-sized clinic and 1 practice. If pet or owner tested positive for a MDRO, follow-up samples were collected for up to 8 months. Methicillin-resistant (MR) Staphylococcus aureus, MR S. pseudintermedius, MR coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS), MR Macrococcus spp., cephalosporinase- and carbapenemase-producing (CP) Enterobacterales were isolated and further characterized by MALDI-TOF MS, microdilution, β-lactam resistance gene detection, REP/ERIC-PCR, multilocus sequence typing or whole-genome sequencing. Risk factors for MDRO carriage in owners were explored based on questionnaire-derived data.
Results
Five out of 50 owners carried 3rd generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (3GC-R-Ent.), and 5/50 MRCoNS. In 3 dogs and 4 cats carriage of 3GC-R-Ent. persisted for up to 136 days after discharge (median 99 days, IQR 83 days, range 36-136 days), in two cats isolates were carbapenem-resistant. Owner-pet co-carriage was not observed. No specific risk factors for MDRO carriage in owners were identified.
Conclusions
After discharge from veterinary care, dogs and cats may carry 3GC-R-Ent. for prolonged time periods. Carriage of MDROs was common in owners, but pet-owner co-carriage of the same MDRO was not observed.
The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) represent a threat to human and animal health.
Objectives
To assess duration of carriage of MDROs in dogs and cats presented to veterinary clinics/hospitals in Switzerland. To estimate prevalence, duration of and risk factors for MDRO carriage in their owners and the occurrence of co-carriage in owner-pet pairs.
Methods
Prospective, longitudinal, observational study. Nasal swabs and fecal samples were collected from 50 owners of dogs and cats presented to 3 large veterinary hospitals, 1 medium-sized clinic and 1 practice. If pet or owner tested positive for a MDRO, follow-up samples were collected for up to 8 months. Methicillin-resistant (MR) Staphylococcus aureus, MR S. pseudintermedius, MR coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS), MR Macrococcus spp., cephalosporinase- and carbapenemase-producing (CP) Enterobacterales were isolated and further characterized by MALDI-TOF MS, microdilution, β-lactam resistance gene detection, REP/ERIC-PCR, multilocus sequence typing or whole-genome sequencing. Risk factors for MDRO carriage in owners were explored based on questionnaire-derived data.
Results
Five out of 50 owners carried 3rd generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (3GC-R-Ent.), and 5/50 MRCoNS. In 3 dogs and 4 cats carriage of 3GC-R-Ent. persisted for up to 136 days after discharge (median 99 days, IQR 83 days, range 36-136 days), in two cats isolates were carbapenem-resistant. Owner-pet co-carriage was not observed. No specific risk factors for MDRO carriage in owners were identified.
Conclusions
After discharge from veterinary care, dogs and cats may carry 3GC-R-Ent. for prolonged time periods. Carriage of MDROs was common in owners, but pet-owner co-carriage of the same MDRO was not observed.
Date Issued
2021-12
Publication Type
Article
Subject(s)
Subjects
3GC-R
•
Third Generation Cephalosporin-resistant 3GC-R-Ent.
•
Third Generation Cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales AMR
•
Antimicrobial resistance CI
•
Confidence interval CLSI
•
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute COL-R
•
Colistin-resistant CP
•
Carbapenemase-producing CR
•
Carbapenem-resistant CRE
•
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales Co-carriage Companion animal ERIC-PCR
•
Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction ESBL
•
Extended spectrum β-lactamase ESBL-E. coli
•
ESBL-producing Escherichia coli ESBL-KP
•
ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae EUCAST
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European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Extended-spectrum β-lactamase IQR
•
Interquartile range KP
•
Klebsiella pneumoniae MALDI-TOF MS
•
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry MDR
•
Multidrug-resistant MDROs
•
Multidrug-resistant organisms MICs
•
Minimal inhibitory concentrations MLST
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Multilocus sequence typing MR
•
Methicillin-resistant MRCoNS
•
Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci MRSA
•
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSP
•
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius REP-PCR
•
Repetitive element palindromic polymerase chain reaction ST
•
Sequence type TMP-S
•
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Transmission WGS
•
Whole-genome sequencing pAmpC
•
Plasmid-encoded AmpC
Language(s)
en
Author(s)
Nigg, Aurélien | |
Schmidt, Janne S | |
Mauri, Nico | |
Kuster, Stefan P | |
Willi, Barbara |
Journal
One health
Publisher
Elsevier
ISSN
2352-7714
Access(Rights)
open.access