Investigating new serological and tissue markers for the follow-up of patients operated for alveolar echinococcosis.

AIMS

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is characterized by a chronically progressing hepatic injury caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. Surgery presently remains the best curative option. Currently, biological predictive features derived from the resected specimens are not suitable to assess surgery efficacy. The present study was designed to investigate whether a selection of markers measured on the resected specimens exhibits predictive features related to parasite viability, or to a total elimination of the parasite, in addition to serological markers.

METHODS AND RESULTS

In a collaboration between two centers, one in France (Besançon), and one in Switzerland (Bern), samples from 40 AE patients were analyzed by microarray and serology techniques, individually. Paired serum samples before and after surgery were obtained for 26 patients. In the sera, a significant decrease of PD-L1 levels was observed after surgery, in addition to anti-Em18 levels. In the liver tissue, low levels of Cluster of Differentiation (CD)-3 were correlated with the absence of serum anti-Em18 after surgery.

CONCLUSION

This study showed PD-L1 is promising as a potential serological marker, and further confirmed the performance of anti-Em18 serology. Further studies on a larger cohort is needed to confirm the utility of performing systematically microarray on resected liver tissue.